Insulin signaling couples growth and early maturation to cholesterol intake in Drosophila
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Insulin signaling couples growth and early maturation to cholesterol intake in Drosophila. / Texada, Michael J.; Lassen, Mette; Pedersen, Lisa H.; Koyama, Takashi; Malita, Alina; Rewitz, Kim.
I: Current Biology, Bind 32, Nr. 7, 2022, s. 1548-1562.e6.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin signaling couples growth and early maturation to cholesterol intake in Drosophila
AU - Texada, Michael J.
AU - Lassen, Mette
AU - Pedersen, Lisa H.
AU - Koyama, Takashi
AU - Malita, Alina
AU - Rewitz, Kim
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Nutrition is one of the most important influences on growth and the timing of maturational transitions including mammalian puberty and insect metamorphosis. Childhood obesity is associated with precocious puberty, but the assessment mechanism that links body fat to early maturation is unknown. During development, the intake of nutrients promotes signaling through insulin-like systems that govern the growth of cells and tissues and also regulates the timely production of the steroid hormones that initiate the juvenile-adult transition. We show here that the dietary lipid cholesterol, which is required as a component of cell membranes and as a substrate for steroid biosynthesis, also governs body growth and maturation in Drosophila via promoting the expression and release of insulin-like peptides. This nutritional input acts via the nutrient sensor TOR, which is regulated by the Niemann-Pick-type-C 1 (Npc1) cholesterol transporter, in the glia of the blood-brain barrier and cells of the adipose tissue to remotely drive systemic insulin signaling and body growth. Furthermore, increasing intracellular cholesterol levels in the steroid-producing prothoracic gland strongly promotes endoreduplication, leading to an accelerated attainment of a nutritional checkpoint that normally ensures that animals do not initiate maturation prematurely. These findings, therefore, show that a Npc1-TOR signaling system couples the sensing of the lipid cholesterol with cellular and systemic growth control and maturational timing, which may help explain both the link between cholesterol and cancer as well as the connection between body fat (obesity) and early puberty.
AB - Nutrition is one of the most important influences on growth and the timing of maturational transitions including mammalian puberty and insect metamorphosis. Childhood obesity is associated with precocious puberty, but the assessment mechanism that links body fat to early maturation is unknown. During development, the intake of nutrients promotes signaling through insulin-like systems that govern the growth of cells and tissues and also regulates the timely production of the steroid hormones that initiate the juvenile-adult transition. We show here that the dietary lipid cholesterol, which is required as a component of cell membranes and as a substrate for steroid biosynthesis, also governs body growth and maturation in Drosophila via promoting the expression and release of insulin-like peptides. This nutritional input acts via the nutrient sensor TOR, which is regulated by the Niemann-Pick-type-C 1 (Npc1) cholesterol transporter, in the glia of the blood-brain barrier and cells of the adipose tissue to remotely drive systemic insulin signaling and body growth. Furthermore, increasing intracellular cholesterol levels in the steroid-producing prothoracic gland strongly promotes endoreduplication, leading to an accelerated attainment of a nutritional checkpoint that normally ensures that animals do not initiate maturation prematurely. These findings, therefore, show that a Npc1-TOR signaling system couples the sensing of the lipid cholesterol with cellular and systemic growth control and maturational timing, which may help explain both the link between cholesterol and cancer as well as the connection between body fat (obesity) and early puberty.
KW - Adipose
KW - Developmental timing
KW - Ecdysone
KW - Glia
KW - NPC1
KW - Nutrients
KW - Nutrition
KW - TOR
U2 - 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.021
DO - 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.021
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35245460
AN - SCOPUS:85127700212
VL - 32
SP - 1548-1562.e6
JO - Current Biology
JF - Current Biology
SN - 0960-9822
IS - 7
ER -
ID: 305784149