Network analyses reveal negative link between changes in adipose tissue GDF15 and BMI during dietary induced weight loss

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

  • Alyssa Imbert
  • Nathalie Vialaneix
  • Julien Marquis
  • Julie Vion
  • Aline Charpagne
  • Sylviane Metairon
  • Claire Laurens
  • Cedric Moro
  • Nathalie Boulet
  • Ondine Walter
  • Grégory Lefebvre
  • Jörg Hager
  • Dominique Langin
  • Wim H M Saris
  • Arne Astrup
  • Nathalie Viguerie
  • Armand Valsesia

Context: Adipose tissue (AT) transcriptome studies provide holistic pictures of adaptation to weight and related bioclinical settings changes.

Objective: To implement AT gene expression profiling and investigate the link between changes in bioclinical parameters and AT gene expression during three steps of a two-phase dietary intervention (DI).

Methods: AT transcriptome profiling was obtained from sequencing 1051 samples, corresponding to 556 distinct individuals enrolled in a weight loss intervention (8-week low calorie diet (LCD) at 800 kcal/d) followed with a 6-month ad libitum randomized DI. Transcriptome profiles obtained with QuantSeq sequencing were benchmarked against Illumina RNAseq. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to further confirm associations. Cell specificity was assessed using freshly isolated cells and THP-1 cell line.

Results: During LCD, 5 modules were found, of which 3 included at least 1 bioclinical variable. Change in body mass index (BMI) connected with changes in mRNA level of genes with inflammatory response signature. In this module, change in BMI was negatively associated to changes in expression of genes encoding secreted protein (GDF15, CCL3, and SPP1). Through all phases of the DI, change in GDF15 was connected to changes in SPP1, CCL3, LIPA and CD68. Further characterization showed that these genes were specific to macrophages (with LIPA, CD68 and GDF15 expressed in anti-inflammatory macrophages) and GDF15 also expressed in preadipocytes.

Conclusion: Network analyses identified a novel AT feature with GDF15 upregulated with calorie restriction induced weight loss, concomitantly to macrophage markers. In AT, GDF15 was expressed in preadipocytes and macrophages where it was a hallmark of anti-inflammatory cells.

Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume107
Issue number1
Pages (from-to)e130-e142
Number of pages13
ISSN0021-972X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

    Research areas

  • Faculty of Science - Adipocyte, Macrophage, Weight loss, Network analyses, Low calorie diet, Inflammation

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