Whole genome analyses based on single, field collected spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis geosporum

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  • Shadi Eshghi Sahraei
  • Marisol Sánchez-García
  • Merce Montoliu-Nerin
  • David Manyara
  • Claudia Bergin
  • Rosendahl, Søren
  • Anna Rosling

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are ubiquitous mutualistic symbionts of most terrestrial plants and many complete their lifecycles underground. Whole genome analysis of AM fungi has long been restricted to species and strains that can be maintained under controlled conditions that facilitate collection of biological samples. There is some evidence suggesting that AM fungi can adapt to culture resulting in phenotypic and possibly also genotypic changes in the fungi. In this study, we used field isolated spores of AM fungi and identified them as Funneliformis geosporum based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses. We separately assembled the genomes of two representative spores using DNA sequences of 19 and 22 individually amplified nuclei. The genomes were compared with previously published data from other members of Glomeraceae including two strains of F. mosseae. No significant differences were observed among the species in terms of gene content, while the single nucleotide polymorphism density was higher in the strains of F. geosporum than in the strains of F. mosseae. In this study, we demonstrate that it is possible to sequence and assemble genomes from AM fungal spores sampled in the field, which opens up the possibility to include uncultured AM fungi in phylogenomic and comparative genomic analysis and to study genomic variation in natural populations of these important plant symbionts.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftMycorrhiza
Vol/bind32
Udgave nummer5-6
Sider (fra-til)361-371
Antal sider11
ISSN0940-6360
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2022

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
Open access funding provided by Uppsala University. This study was funded by the European Research Council under the project number 678792.

Funding Information:
We thank George Chen and Jelle van Creij for assistance in the field, Dr Ylva Strid for assistance in the lab, and Dr Yvonne Kallberg for assistance with data publication and release. We thank W. Wheeler at the INVAM culture collection for taxonomic support. Nuclei sorting and whole genome amplification were done at the SciLifeLab Microbial Single Cell Genomics Facility at Uppsala University. Sequencing was performed by the SNP&SEQ Technology Platform at NGI Sweden and SciLife Laboratory, Uppsala, supported by the Swedish Research Council VR and Kunt and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. The computational analyses were performed by resources in project SNIC 2022-5-42 provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at UPPMAX, partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no. 2018-05973. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for valuable feedback on an earlier version of this paper.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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