Fluxes of NO3-, NH4+, NO, NO2, and N2O in an old danish beech forest
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Fluxes of NO3-, NH4+, NO, NO2, and N2O in an old danish beech forest. / Beier, Claus; Rasmussen, Lennart; Pilegaard, Kim; Ambus, Per Lennart; Mikkelsen, Teis Nørgaard; Jensen, N.O.; Kjøller, A.; Priemé, Anders; Ladekarl, U.L.
In: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus, Vol. 1, 2001, p. 187-195.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Fluxes of NO3-, NH4+, NO, NO2, and N2O in an old danish beech forest
AU - Beier, Claus
AU - Rasmussen, Lennart
AU - Pilegaard, Kim
AU - Ambus, Per Lennart
AU - Mikkelsen, Teis Nørgaard
AU - Jensen, N.O.
AU - Kjøller, A.
AU - Priemé, Anders
AU - Ladekarl, U.L.
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - The fluxes of the major nitrogen compounds havebeen investigated in many ecosystem studies over the world.However, only in few studies has attention been drawn to theimportance of the fluxes of minor gaseous nitrogen compoundsto complete the nitrogen cycle. In Denmark a detailed study onthe nitrogen cycle in an old beech forest has been implementedin 1997 at Gyrstinge near Sorø, Zealand. The study includesthe fluxes of the gases NO, N2O and water mediatedtransport of NO3 - and NH4 +. Measurementsof the fluxes of the gaseous compounds are performed withmicro-meteorological methods (eddy-correlation and gradient)and with chambers. Water mediated fluxes encompass rain,throughfall, stem-flow and leaching from the root zone. Thehydrological model is verified by TDR measurements. The findings show that the total water mediated N input tothe forest floor with throughfall and stemflow was 25.6 kg Nha-1 yr -1, and open field wet deposition withprecipitation was 19.0 kg N ha-1 yr -1. The internalcycling of N in the ecosystem measured as turnover oflitterfall and plant uptake was 100 kg N ha-1 yr -1and 14 kg N ha-1 yr -1, respectively. The fluxes ofthe gaseous N compounds NO and N2O were of minorimportance for the total N turnover in the forest, NOxemission being <1 kg N ha-1 yr -1 and N2Oemission from the soil being 0.5 kg N ha-1 yr -1 withno significant difference between wet and dry soils.Concentrations of NO3 - and NH4 + in thesoil solution beneath the rooting zone are very small andconsequently the N leaching is almost negligible. It isconcluded that the nitrogen mass balance of this old beechforest ecosystem mainly is controlled by the input by dry andwet deposition and a large internal N cycle with a fast litterturnover. The nitrogen input tothe forest ecosystem which currently exceeds the critical loadby 5 kg N ha-1 yr -1is mainly accumulated in the soil and no significant nitrateleaching is occurring.
AB - The fluxes of the major nitrogen compounds havebeen investigated in many ecosystem studies over the world.However, only in few studies has attention been drawn to theimportance of the fluxes of minor gaseous nitrogen compoundsto complete the nitrogen cycle. In Denmark a detailed study onthe nitrogen cycle in an old beech forest has been implementedin 1997 at Gyrstinge near Sorø, Zealand. The study includesthe fluxes of the gases NO, N2O and water mediatedtransport of NO3 - and NH4 +. Measurementsof the fluxes of the gaseous compounds are performed withmicro-meteorological methods (eddy-correlation and gradient)and with chambers. Water mediated fluxes encompass rain,throughfall, stem-flow and leaching from the root zone. Thehydrological model is verified by TDR measurements. The findings show that the total water mediated N input tothe forest floor with throughfall and stemflow was 25.6 kg Nha-1 yr -1, and open field wet deposition withprecipitation was 19.0 kg N ha-1 yr -1. The internalcycling of N in the ecosystem measured as turnover oflitterfall and plant uptake was 100 kg N ha-1 yr -1and 14 kg N ha-1 yr -1, respectively. The fluxes ofthe gaseous N compounds NO and N2O were of minorimportance for the total N turnover in the forest, NOxemission being <1 kg N ha-1 yr -1 and N2Oemission from the soil being 0.5 kg N ha-1 yr -1 withno significant difference between wet and dry soils.Concentrations of NO3 - and NH4 + in thesoil solution beneath the rooting zone are very small andconsequently the N leaching is almost negligible. It isconcluded that the nitrogen mass balance of this old beechforest ecosystem mainly is controlled by the input by dry andwet deposition and a large internal N cycle with a fast litterturnover. The nitrogen input tothe forest ecosystem which currently exceeds the critical loadby 5 kg N ha-1 yr -1is mainly accumulated in the soil and no significant nitrateleaching is occurring.
U2 - 10.1023/A:1011538729122
DO - 10.1023/A:1011538729122
M3 - Journal article
VL - 1
SP - 187
EP - 195
JO - Water, Air and Soil Pollution
JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution
SN - 1567-7230
ER -
ID: 173647