Metabolic and physiological changes in Prymnesium parvum when grown under, and grazing on prey of, variable nitrogen: phosphorus stoichiometry
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Metabolic and physiological changes in Prymnesium parvum when grown under, and grazing on prey of, variable nitrogen : phosphorus stoichiometry. / Lundgren, Veronica M; Glibert, Patricia M.; Graneli, Edna; Vidyarathna, Nayani K. ; Fiori, Emanuela; Ou, Linjian; Flynn, Kevin J.; Mitra, Aditee; Stoecker, Diane K.; Hansen, Per Juel.
In: Harmful Algae, Vol. 55, 2016, p. 1-12.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolic and physiological changes in Prymnesium parvum when grown under, and grazing on prey of, variable nitrogen
T2 - phosphorus stoichiometry
AU - Lundgren, Veronica M
AU - Glibert, Patricia M.
AU - Graneli, Edna
AU - Vidyarathna, Nayani K.
AU - Fiori, Emanuela
AU - Ou, Linjian
AU - Flynn, Kevin J.
AU - Mitra, Aditee
AU - Stoecker, Diane K.
AU - Hansen, Per Juel
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Mixotrophy is found in almost all classes of phytoplankton in a wide range of aquatic habitats ranging from oligotrophic to eutrophic marine and freshwater systems. Few studies have addressed how the nutritional status of the predator and/or the prey affects mixotrophic metabolism despite the realizationthat mixotrophy is important ecologically. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine changes in growth rates and physiological states of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum when fed Rhodomonas salina of varying nutritional status. Haemolytic activity of P. parvum and prey mortality of R.salina were also measured. P. parvum cultures grown to be comparatively low in nitrogen (low-N), phosphorus (low-P) or low in both nutrients (low-NP) were mixed with low-NP, low-N, and low-P R. salina in all possible combinations, i.e., a 3 3 factorial design. N deficiency was obtained in the low-N cultures, while true P deficiency may not have been obtained in the low-P cultures. Mortality rates of R. salina (both due to ingestion and/or cell rupture as a function of grazing or toxic effects) were higher when R. salina cells were low-P, N-rich, regardless of the nutritional state of P. parvum. Mortality rates were, however, directly related to the initial prey:predator cell ratios. On the other hand, growth of the predator was a function of nutritional status and a significant positive correlation was observed between growth rates of P. parvum and cell-specific depletion rates of N, whereas no such relationship was found between P. parvum growth rates and depletion rates of P. In addition, the greatest changes in chlorophyll content and stoichiometric ratios of P. parvum were observed in high N:P conditions. Therefore, P. parvum may show enhanced success under conditions of higher inorganic N:P, which are likely favored in the future due to increases in eutrophication and altered nutrient stoichiometry driven by anthropogenic nutrient loads that are increasingly enriched in N relative to P.
AB - Mixotrophy is found in almost all classes of phytoplankton in a wide range of aquatic habitats ranging from oligotrophic to eutrophic marine and freshwater systems. Few studies have addressed how the nutritional status of the predator and/or the prey affects mixotrophic metabolism despite the realizationthat mixotrophy is important ecologically. Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine changes in growth rates and physiological states of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum when fed Rhodomonas salina of varying nutritional status. Haemolytic activity of P. parvum and prey mortality of R.salina were also measured. P. parvum cultures grown to be comparatively low in nitrogen (low-N), phosphorus (low-P) or low in both nutrients (low-NP) were mixed with low-NP, low-N, and low-P R. salina in all possible combinations, i.e., a 3 3 factorial design. N deficiency was obtained in the low-N cultures, while true P deficiency may not have been obtained in the low-P cultures. Mortality rates of R. salina (both due to ingestion and/or cell rupture as a function of grazing or toxic effects) were higher when R. salina cells were low-P, N-rich, regardless of the nutritional state of P. parvum. Mortality rates were, however, directly related to the initial prey:predator cell ratios. On the other hand, growth of the predator was a function of nutritional status and a significant positive correlation was observed between growth rates of P. parvum and cell-specific depletion rates of N, whereas no such relationship was found between P. parvum growth rates and depletion rates of P. In addition, the greatest changes in chlorophyll content and stoichiometric ratios of P. parvum were observed in high N:P conditions. Therefore, P. parvum may show enhanced success under conditions of higher inorganic N:P, which are likely favored in the future due to increases in eutrophication and altered nutrient stoichiometry driven by anthropogenic nutrient loads that are increasingly enriched in N relative to P.
U2 - 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.002
DO - 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.002
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28073523
VL - 55
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Harmful Algae
JF - Harmful Algae
SN - 1568-9883
ER -
ID: 156475931