TY - JOUR

T1 - The Effect of Lean-Seafood and Non-Seafood Diets on Fecal Metabolites and Gut Microbiome

T2 - Results from a Randomized Crossover Intervention Study

AU - Schmedes, Mette

AU - Brejnrod, Asker Daniel

AU - Aadland, Eli Kristin

AU - Kiilerich, Pia

AU - Kristiansen, Karsten

AU - Jacques, Hélène

AU - Lavigne, Charles

AU - Graff, Ingvild Eide

AU - Eng, Øyvin

AU - Holthe, Asle

AU - Mellgren, Gunnar

AU - Young, Jette Feveile

AU - Sundekilde, Ulrik Kræmer

AU - Liaset, Bjørn

AU - Bertram, Hanne Christine

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Scope: The impact of dietary protein types on the gut microbiome is scarcely studied. The aim of the present study is therefore to examine the effects of lean-seafood and non-seafood proteins on the gut microbiome composition and activity and elucidate potential associations to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods: A crossover intervention study in which 20 healthy subjects consumed two diets that varied in protein source was conducted. 1H NMR spectroscopy and 16S rDNA sequencing analyses were applied to characterize fecal metabolites and gut microbiota composition, respectively. Results: A twofold increase in fecal trimethylamine excretion was observed after the lean-seafood diet period. Circulating TAG and the total to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio as well as circulating TMAO levels were each associated with specific gut bacteria. Following the non-seafood diet period, a decreased relative abundance of Clostridium cluster IV and a tendency toward an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were found. Conclusions: Lean-seafood and non-seafood diets differentially modulate the gut microbiome composition and activity. Furthermore, the gut microbiota composition seems to affect circulating TMAO levels and CVD risk factors.

AB - Scope: The impact of dietary protein types on the gut microbiome is scarcely studied. The aim of the present study is therefore to examine the effects of lean-seafood and non-seafood proteins on the gut microbiome composition and activity and elucidate potential associations to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods: A crossover intervention study in which 20 healthy subjects consumed two diets that varied in protein source was conducted. 1H NMR spectroscopy and 16S rDNA sequencing analyses were applied to characterize fecal metabolites and gut microbiota composition, respectively. Results: A twofold increase in fecal trimethylamine excretion was observed after the lean-seafood diet period. Circulating TAG and the total to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio as well as circulating TMAO levels were each associated with specific gut bacteria. Following the non-seafood diet period, a decreased relative abundance of Clostridium cluster IV and a tendency toward an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were found. Conclusions: Lean-seafood and non-seafood diets differentially modulate the gut microbiome composition and activity. Furthermore, the gut microbiota composition seems to affect circulating TMAO levels and CVD risk factors.

KW - 16S rDNA

KW - feces

KW - gut microbiota

KW - seafood protein

KW - TMAO

U2 - 10.1002/mnfr.201700976

DO - 10.1002/mnfr.201700976

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29509315

AN - SCOPUS:85045835954

VL - 63

SP - 1

EP - 8

JO - Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

JF - Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

SN - 1613-4125

IS - 1

M1 - 1700976

ER -