Genomic variation in baboons from central Mozambique unveils complex evolutionary relationships with other Papio species
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Background: Gorongosa National Park in Mozambique hosts a large population of baboons, numbering over 200 troops. Gorongosa baboons have been tentatively identified as part of Papio ursinus on the basis of previous limited morphological analysis and a handful of mitochondrial DNA sequences. However, a recent morphological and morphometric analysis of Gorongosa baboons pinpointed the occurrence of several traits intermediate between P. ursinus and P. cynocephalus, leaving open the possibility of past and/or ongoing gene flow in the baboon population of Gorongosa National Park. In order to investigate the evolutionary history of baboons in Gorongosa, we generated high and low coverage whole genome sequence data of Gorongosa baboons and compared it to available Papio genomes. Results: We confirmed that P. ursinus is the species closest to Gorongosa baboons. However, the Gorongosa baboon genomes share more derived alleles with P. cynocephalus than P. ursinus does, but no recent gene flow between P. ursinus and P. cynocephalus was detected when available Papio genomes were analyzed. Our results, based on the analysis of autosomal, mitochondrial and Y chromosome data, suggest complex, possibly male-biased, gene flow between Gorongosa baboons and P. cynocephalus, hinting to direct or indirect contributions from baboons belonging to the “northern” Papio clade, and signal the presence of population structure within P. ursinus. Conclusions: The analysis of genome data generated from baboon samples collected in central Mozambique highlighted a complex set of evolutionary relationships with other baboons. Our results provided new insights in the population dynamics that have shaped baboon diversity.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 44 |
| Tidsskrift | BMC Ecology and Evolution |
| Vol/bind | 22 |
| Antal sider | 16 |
| ISSN | 1472-6785 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2022 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
CS, JM, and CC were supported by The Boise Trust Fund of the University of Oxford. MJFS was supported by FCT (ref: CEECIND/01937/2017).
Funding Information:
We would like to thank the following institutions for the support given in the completion of this project: Gorongosa National Park; the Boise Fund Trust (CS, JM, CC); The Gorongosa Restoration Project, The Leverhulme Trust, The National Geographic, John Fell Fund Oxford (SC); St Hugh?s College (CC, SC) and the Association for Cancer Research AIRC (AR, FB). MJFS worked under a FCT contract (CEECIND/01937/2017). GM would like to thank Toni Gabaldon and Giulio Pavesi for their support.?FB would like to thank?the Italian Ministry of Health for their support. The work in GNP is only possible due to the visionary approach of Greg Carr and the dedicated staff from the park, guided by Dr. Mateus Mutemba and Pedro Muagara. We are very grateful to all the ?fiscais? (park rangers), the students, and colleagues across all the institutions who have been extremely supportive of the Paleo-Primate-Project Gorongosa. This work has benefited from the framework of the COMP-HUB Initiative, funded by the ?Departments of Excellence? program of the Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research (MIUR, 2018-2022). The authors would also like to acknowledge the use of the University of Oxford Advanced Research Computing (ARC) facility (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22558) and the HPC (High Performance Computing) facility of the University of Parma.
Funding Information:
We would like to thank the following institutions for the support given in the completion of this project: Gorongosa National Park; the Boise Fund Trust (CS, JM, CC); The Gorongosa Restoration Project, The Leverhulme Trust, The National Geographic, John Fell Fund Oxford (SC); St Hugh’s College (CC, SC) and the Association for Cancer Research AIRC (AR, FB). MJFS worked under a FCT contract (CEECIND/01937/2017). GM would like to thank Toni Gabaldon and Giulio Pavesi for their support. FB would like to thank the Italian Ministry of Health for their support. The work in GNP is only possible due to the visionary approach of Greg Carr and the dedicated staff from the park, guided by Dr. Mateus Mutemba and Pedro Muagara. We are very grateful to all the ‘fiscais’ (park rangers), the students, and colleagues across all the institutions who have been extremely supportive of the Paleo-Primate-Project Gorongosa. This work has benefited from the framework of the COMP-HUB Initiative, funded by the ‘Departments of Excellence’ program of the Italian Ministry for Education, University and Research (MIUR, 2018-2022). The authors would also like to acknowledge the use of the University of Oxford Advanced Research Computing (ARC) facility ( https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22558 ) and the HPC (High Performance Computing) facility of the University of Parma.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
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