Hypoxia as a physiological cue and pathological stress for coral larvae
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Ocean deoxygenation events are intensifying worldwide and can rapidly drive adult corals into a state of metabolic crisis and bleaching-induced mortality, but whether coral larvae are subject to similar stress remains untested. We experimentally exposed apo-symbiotic coral larvae of Acropora selago to deoxygenation stress with subsequent reoxygenation aligned to their night-day light cycle, and followed their gene expression using RNA-Seq. After 12 h of deoxygenation stress (~2 mg O2/L), coral planulae demonstrated a low expression of HIF-targeted hypoxia response genes concomitant with a significantly high expression of PHD2 (a promoter of HIFα proteasomal degradation), similar to corresponding adult corals. Despite exhibiting a consistent swimming phenotype compared to control samples, the differential gene expression observed in planulae exposed to deoxygenation-reoxygenation suggests a disruption of pathways involved in developmental regulation, mitochondrial activity, lipid metabolism, and O2-sensitive epigenetic regulators. Importantly, we found that treated larvae exhibited a disruption in the expression of conserved HIF-targeted developmental regulators, for example, Homeobox (HOX) genes, corroborating how changes in external oxygen levels can affect animal development. We discuss how the observed deoxygenation responses may be indicative of a possible acclimation response or alternatively may imply negative latent impacts for coral larval fitness.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Tidsskrift | Molecular Ecology |
| Vol/bind | 31 |
| Udgave nummer | 2 |
| Sider (fra-til) | 571-587 |
| Antal sider | 17 |
| ISSN | 0962-1083 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2022 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
We wish to particularly thank teams from James Cook University Cairns (led by Jamie Seymour, Katie Chartrand) and Southern Cross University (led by Peter Harrison, Dexter dela Cruz, Nadine Boulotte and Kerry Cameron) for their invaluable support in collecting corals used in this study (Vlasoff Reef, northern Great Barrier Reef) and subsequent holding in large‐scale acclimation aquaria prior to experimentation, coral spawning and larval culture. All corals were collected under a Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003 Part 5.4 Authorization (MPA18/002 “Coral larval restoration and Symbiodinium coculture collaborative project”) to Peter Harrison. Also, immense thanks to the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology's (KAUST) Bioscience Core Laboratory (BCL) for assistance with Illumina sequencing. Funding for this work was supported by an Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Grant (DP180100074) to D.J.S., M.P., M.K. and C.R.V, and a Small Business Innovation Research 2018‐2019 Project TF6.7.1 competitive grant to P.L.H., K.S. and D.J.S. Also, M.K. acknowledges support by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grant no. GBMF9206, https://doi.org/10.37807/GBMF9206 ) and C.R.V. acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) project numbers 433042944 and 458901010. Open access funding enabled and organized by Project DEAL through the University of Konstanz, Germany. Open access funding enabled and organized by ProjektDEAL.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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