The recovery of European freshwater biodiversity has come to a halt
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among the most vulnerable to biodiversity loss1
. Mitigation measures, including
wastewater treatment and hydromorphological restoration, have aimed to improve
environmental quality and foster the recovery of freshwater biodiversity2
. Here, using
1,816 time series of freshwater invertebrate communities collected across 22
European countries between 1968 and 2020, we quantifed temporal trends in
taxonomic and functional diversity and their responses to environmental pressures
and gradients. We observed overall increases in taxon richness (0.73% per year),
functional richness (2.4% per year) and abundance (1.17% per year). However, these
increases primarily occurred before the 2010s, and have since plateaued. Freshwater
communities downstream of dams, urban areas and cropland were less likely to
experience recovery. Communities at sites with faster rates of warming had fewer
gains in taxon richness, functional richness and abundance. Although biodiversity
gains in the 1990s and 2000s probably refect the efectiveness of water-quality
improvements and restoration projects, the decelerating trajectory in the 2010s
suggests that the current measures ofer diminishing returns. Given new and
persistent pressures on freshwater ecosystems, including emerging pollutants,
climate change and the spread of invasive species, we call for additional mitigation to
revive the recovery of freshwater biodiversity.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Tidsskrift | Nature |
| Vol/bind | 620 |
| Udgave nummer | 7974 |
| Sider (fra-til) | 582-588 |
| Antal sider | 7 |
| ISSN | 0028-0836 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2023 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
N. Kaffenberger helped with initial data compilation. Funding for authors and data collection and processing was provided by the EU Horizon 2020 project eLTER PLUS (grant agreement no. 871128); the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; 033W034A); the German Research Foundation (DFG FZT 118, 202548816); Czech Republic project no. P505-20-17305S; the Leibniz Competition (J45/2018, P74/2018); the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad—Agencia Estatal de Investigación and the European Regional Development Fund (MECODISPER project CTM 2017-89295-P); Ramón y Cajal contracts and the project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2019-027446-I, RYC2020-029829-I, PID2020-115830GB-100); the Danish Environment Agency; the Norwegian Environment Agency; SOMINCOR—Lundin mining & FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal; the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant PP00P3_179089); the EU LIFE programme (DIVAQUA project, LIFE18 NAT/ES/000121); the UK Natural Environment Research Council (GLiTRS project NE/V006886/1 and NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme); the Autonomous Province of Bolzano (Italy); and the Estonian Research Council (grant no. PRG1266), Estonian National Program ‘Humanitarian and natural science collections’. The Environment Agency of England, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency and Natural Resources Wales provided publicly available data. We acknowledge the members of the Flanders Environment Agency for providing data. This article is a contribution of the Alliance for Freshwater Life ( www.allianceforfreshwaterlife.org ).
Funding Information:
N. Kaffenberger helped with initial data compilation. Funding for authors and data collection and processing was provided by the EU Horizon 2020 project eLTER PLUS (grant agreement no. 871128); the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF; 033W034A); the German Research Foundation (DFG FZT 118, 202548816); Czech Republic project no. P505-20-17305S; the Leibniz Competition (J45/2018, P74/2018); the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad—Agencia Estatal de Investigación and the European Regional Development Fund (MECODISPER project CTM 2017-89295-P); Ramón y Cajal contracts and the project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC2019-027446-I, RYC2020-029829-I, PID2020-115830GB-100); the Danish Environment Agency; the Norwegian Environment Agency; SOMINCOR—Lundin mining & FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal; the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant PP00P3_179089); the EU LIFE programme (DIVAQUA project, LIFE18 NAT/ES/000121); the UK Natural Environment Research Council (GLiTRS project NE/V006886/1 and NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme); the Autonomous Province of Bolzano (Italy); and the Estonian Research Council (grant no. PRG1266), Estonian National Program ‘Humanitarian and natural science collections’. The Environment Agency of England, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency and Natural Resources Wales provided publicly available data. We acknowledge the members of the Flanders Environment Agency for providing data. This article is a contribution of the Alliance for Freshwater Life (www.allianceforfreshwaterlife.org).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
ID: 365966439