TY - JOUR

T1 - Transforming p21 ras protein: flexibility in the major variable region linking the catalytic and membrane-anchoring domains.

AU - Willumsen, B M

AU - Papageorge, A G

AU - Hubbert, N

AU - Bekesi, E

AU - Kung, H F

AU - Lowy, D R

N1 - Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Deletion; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mutation; Neoplasm Proteins; Oncogenes; Plasmids; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Sarcoma Viruses, Murine; Transfection; Variation (Genetics)

PY - 1985

Y1 - 1985

N2 - The mammalian p21 ras proteins contain a 20-amino acid region that is highly divergent, in contrast to the strong sequence conservation that is common to other regions of these proteins. This major variable region is located near the C terminus just upstream from a conserved cysteine residue that is required for post-translational processing, membrane localization and transforming activity of the proteins. We have now used the viral oncogene (v-rasH) of Harvey sarcoma virus to study the major variable region by deleting or duplicating parts of the gene. Reducing this region to five amino acids or increasing it to 50 amino acids has relatively little effect on the capacity of the gene to induce morphological transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Assays of GTP binding, GTPase and autophosphorylating activities of such mutant v-rasH-encoded proteins synthesized in bacteria indicated that the sequences that encode these biochemical activities are located upstream from the major variable region. In the context of transformation, we propose that the region of sequence heterogeneity serves principally to connect the N-terminal catalytic domain with amino acids at the C terminus that are required to anchor the protein in the membrane.

AB - The mammalian p21 ras proteins contain a 20-amino acid region that is highly divergent, in contrast to the strong sequence conservation that is common to other regions of these proteins. This major variable region is located near the C terminus just upstream from a conserved cysteine residue that is required for post-translational processing, membrane localization and transforming activity of the proteins. We have now used the viral oncogene (v-rasH) of Harvey sarcoma virus to study the major variable region by deleting or duplicating parts of the gene. Reducing this region to five amino acids or increasing it to 50 amino acids has relatively little effect on the capacity of the gene to induce morphological transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Assays of GTP binding, GTPase and autophosphorylating activities of such mutant v-rasH-encoded proteins synthesized in bacteria indicated that the sequences that encode these biochemical activities are located upstream from the major variable region. In the context of transformation, we propose that the region of sequence heterogeneity serves principally to connect the N-terminal catalytic domain with amino acids at the C terminus that are required to anchor the protein in the membrane.

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 2998761

VL - 4

SP - 2893

EP - 2896

JO - E M B O Journal

JF - E M B O Journal

SN - 0261-4189

IS - 11

ER -