TY - JOUR

T1 - Species pool versus site limitations of macrophytes in urban waters

AU - Vermonden, K.

AU - Leuven, R.S.E.W.

AU - van der Velde, G.

AU - Hendriks, A.J.

AU - van Katwijk, M.M.

AU - Roelofs, J.G.M.

AU - Lucassen, E.C.H.E.

AU - Jensen, Kaj Sand

AU - Pedersen, O.

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - Biodiversity in urban areas is affected by a multitude of stressors. In addition to physico-chemical stress factors, the native regional species pool can be greatly reduced in highly urbanized landscapes due to area loss and fragmentation. In this study, we investigated how macrophyte composition and diversity in urban water systems are limited by the regional species pool and local environmental conditions. Canonical correspondence analysis of the macrophyte species composition revealed that urban and semi-natural water systems differed and differences could be related to local abiotic variables such as pH and iron concentrations. Macrophytes in the semi-natural area were typical for slightly acid and oligotrophic conditions. In urban water systems, exotic species characteristic of eutrophic conditions were present. In the semi-natural areas, the number of macrophyte species exceeded the number of species expected from species-area relationships of artificial water bodies in rural areas. In urban areas, the number of macrophyte species was similar to artificial water systems in rural areas. Macrophyte species present in the study areas also were generally found within 20-30 km distance to the study area. Macrophyte species composition in urban water systems and semi-natural water systems appeared to be influenced by the regional species pool within approximately 30 km of the locations. Nevertheless, site limitation ultimately determined the local macrophyte species composition and diversity in urban water systems and in semi-natural water systems

AB - Biodiversity in urban areas is affected by a multitude of stressors. In addition to physico-chemical stress factors, the native regional species pool can be greatly reduced in highly urbanized landscapes due to area loss and fragmentation. In this study, we investigated how macrophyte composition and diversity in urban water systems are limited by the regional species pool and local environmental conditions. Canonical correspondence analysis of the macrophyte species composition revealed that urban and semi-natural water systems differed and differences could be related to local abiotic variables such as pH and iron concentrations. Macrophytes in the semi-natural area were typical for slightly acid and oligotrophic conditions. In urban water systems, exotic species characteristic of eutrophic conditions were present. In the semi-natural areas, the number of macrophyte species exceeded the number of species expected from species-area relationships of artificial water bodies in rural areas. In urban areas, the number of macrophyte species was similar to artificial water systems in rural areas. Macrophyte species present in the study areas also were generally found within 20-30 km distance to the study area. Macrophyte species composition in urban water systems and semi-natural water systems appeared to be influenced by the regional species pool within approximately 30 km of the locations. Nevertheless, site limitation ultimately determined the local macrophyte species composition and diversity in urban water systems and in semi-natural water systems

KW - Biodiversity

KW - Eutrophication

KW - Local and regional processes

KW - Macrophytes

KW - Species-area relationships

KW - Urban water systems

KW - Vegetation

KW - AREA RELATIONSHIPS

KW - HABITAT DIVERSITY

KW - DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

KW - SCALE-DEPENDENCE

KW - ISLAND AREA

KW - STREAMS

KW - LANDSCAPE

KW - RICHNESS

KW - PLANTS

U2 - 10.1007/s00027-010-0141-z

DO - 10.1007/s00027-010-0141-z

M3 - Journal article

VL - 72

SP - 379

EP - 389

JO - Aquatic Sciences

JF - Aquatic Sciences

SN - 1015-1621

IS - 3

ER -