TY - JOUR

T1 - Dimensions of invasiveness

T2 - Links between local abundance, geographic range size, and habitat breadth in Europe's alien and native floras

AU - Fristoe, Trevor S.

AU - Chytrý, Milan

AU - Dawson, Wayne

AU - Essl, Franz

AU - Heleno, Ruben

AU - Kreft, Holger

AU - Maurel, Noëlie

AU - Pergl, Jan

AU - Pyšek, Petr

AU - Seebens, Hanno

AU - Weigelt, Patrick

AU - Vargas, Pablo

AU - Yang, Qiang

AU - Attorre, Fabio

AU - Bergmeier, Erwin

AU - Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus

AU - Biurrun, Idoia

AU - Boch, Steffen

AU - Bonari, Gianmaria

AU - Botta-Dukát, Zoltán

AU - Bruun, Hans Henrik

AU - Byun, Chaeho

AU - Carni, Andraz

AU - Carranza, Maria Laura

AU - Catford, Jane A.

AU - Cerabolini, Bruno E. L.

AU - Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo

AU - Ciccarelli, Daniela

AU - Cušterevska, Renata

AU - De Ronde, Iris

AU - Dengler, Jürgen

AU - Golub, Valentin

AU - Haveman, Rense

AU - Hough-Snee, Nate

AU - Jandt, Ute

AU - Jansen, Florian

AU - Kuzemko, Anna

AU - Küzmic, Filip

AU - Lenoir, Jonathan

AU - MacAnovic, Armin

AU - Marcenò, Corrado

AU - Martin, Adam R.

AU - Michaletz, Sean T.

AU - Mori, Akira S.

AU - Niinemets, Ülo

AU - Peterka, Tomáš

AU - Pielech, Remigiusz

AU - Rašomavicius, Valerijus

AU - Rusina, Solvita

AU - Dias, Arildo S.

AU - Sibíková, Mária

AU - Silc, Urban

AU - Stanisci, Angela

AU - Jansen, Steven

AU - Svenning, Jens-Christian

AU - Swacha, Grzegorz

AU - Van Der Plas, Fons

AU - Vassilev, Kiril

AU - Van Kleunen, Mark

N1 - Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank EVA database managers Ilona Knollová and Stephan Hennekens for assistance in preparing data, as well as all contributors to the EVA and TRY databases. M.v.K. was supported by the German Research Foundation (project 264740629). M.C., C.M., and T.P. were supported by the Czech Science Foundation (project 19-28491X). P.P. and J.P. were supported by Czech Science Foundation (grant 19-28807X) and Czech Academy of Sciences long-term research development (project 67985939). F.E. acknowledges funding by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; grant I 2086 – B29). H.S. was supported by Belmont Forum-BiodivERsA with the national funder German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant 01LC1807A). I.B. was supported by Basque Governement (project IT299-10). C.B. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (2018R1C1B6005351). S.R. was supported by University of Latvia grant AAp2016/B041//Zd2016/AZ03. J.C.S. considers this work a contribution to his VILLUM Investigator project “Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World” funded by VILLUM FONDEN (grant 16549). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Understanding drivers of success for alien species can inform on potential future invasions. Recent conceptual advances highlight that species may achieve invasiveness via performance along at least three distinct dimensions: 1) local abundance, 2) geographic range size, and 3) habitat breadth in naturalized distributions. Associations among these dimensions and the factors that determine success in each have yet to be assessed at large geographic scales. Here, we combine data from over one million vegetation plots covering the extent of Europe and its habitat diversity with databases on species' distributions, traits, and historical origins to provide a comprehensive assessment of invasiveness dimensions for the European alien seed plant flora. Invasiveness dimensions are linked in alien distributions, leading to a continuum from overall poor invaders to super invaders - abundant, widespread aliens that invade diverse habitats. This pattern echoes relationships among analogous dimensions measured for native European species. Success along invasiveness dimensions was associated with details of alien species' introduction histories: earlier introduction dates were positively associated with all three dimensions, and consistent with theory-based expectations, species originating from other continents, particularly acquisitive growth strategists, were among the most successful invaders in Europe. Despite general correlations among invasiveness dimensions, we identified habitats and traits associated with atypical patterns of success in only one or two dimensions - for example, the role of disturbed habitats in facilitating widespread specialists. We conclude that considering invasiveness within a multidimensional framework can provide insights into invasion processes while also informing general understanding of the dynamics of species distributions.

AB - Understanding drivers of success for alien species can inform on potential future invasions. Recent conceptual advances highlight that species may achieve invasiveness via performance along at least three distinct dimensions: 1) local abundance, 2) geographic range size, and 3) habitat breadth in naturalized distributions. Associations among these dimensions and the factors that determine success in each have yet to be assessed at large geographic scales. Here, we combine data from over one million vegetation plots covering the extent of Europe and its habitat diversity with databases on species' distributions, traits, and historical origins to provide a comprehensive assessment of invasiveness dimensions for the European alien seed plant flora. Invasiveness dimensions are linked in alien distributions, leading to a continuum from overall poor invaders to super invaders - abundant, widespread aliens that invade diverse habitats. This pattern echoes relationships among analogous dimensions measured for native European species. Success along invasiveness dimensions was associated with details of alien species' introduction histories: earlier introduction dates were positively associated with all three dimensions, and consistent with theory-based expectations, species originating from other continents, particularly acquisitive growth strategists, were among the most successful invaders in Europe. Despite general correlations among invasiveness dimensions, we identified habitats and traits associated with atypical patterns of success in only one or two dimensions - for example, the role of disturbed habitats in facilitating widespread specialists. We conclude that considering invasiveness within a multidimensional framework can provide insights into invasion processes while also informing general understanding of the dynamics of species distributions.

KW - Distribution-abundance relationship

KW - Enemy release

KW - Forms of rarity

KW - Invasion success

KW - Leaf economic spectrum

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.2021173118

DO - 10.1073/pnas.2021173118

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34050023

AN - SCOPUS:85107176562

VL - 118

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

SN - 0027-8424

IS - 22

M1 - e2021173118

ER -