Global online trade in primates for pets
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Global online trade in primates for pets. / Nijman, Vincent; Morcatty, Thais Q.; El Bizri, Hani R.; Al-Razi, Hassan; Ang, Andie; Ardiansyah, Ahmad; Atoussi, Sadek; Bergin, Daniel; Bell, Sarah; Braga-Pereira, Franciany; Campera, Marco; Das, Nabajit; Silva, Felipe Ennes; Feddema, Kim; Foreman, Grace; Fourage, Anna; Gnanaolivu, Smitha D.; Hansen, Malene Friis; Račevska, Elena; Rapone, Brittany C.; Regmi, Ganga Ram; Shepherd, Chris R.; Shukhova, Sofiya; Siriwat, Penthai; Smith, Jaima H.; Mir Mohamad Tabar, Seyed Ahmad; Tavares, Aline S.; Weldon, Ariana V.; Wilson, Angelina; Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki; Zhang, Mingxia; Svensson, Magdalena S.; Anne-Isola Nekaris, K.
In: Environmental Development, Vol. 48, 100925, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Global online trade in primates for pets
AU - Nijman, Vincent
AU - Morcatty, Thais Q.
AU - El Bizri, Hani R.
AU - Al-Razi, Hassan
AU - Ang, Andie
AU - Ardiansyah, Ahmad
AU - Atoussi, Sadek
AU - Bergin, Daniel
AU - Bell, Sarah
AU - Braga-Pereira, Franciany
AU - Campera, Marco
AU - Das, Nabajit
AU - Silva, Felipe Ennes
AU - Feddema, Kim
AU - Foreman, Grace
AU - Fourage, Anna
AU - Gnanaolivu, Smitha D.
AU - Hansen, Malene Friis
AU - Račevska, Elena
AU - Rapone, Brittany C.
AU - Regmi, Ganga Ram
AU - Shepherd, Chris R.
AU - Shukhova, Sofiya
AU - Siriwat, Penthai
AU - Smith, Jaima H.
AU - Mir Mohamad Tabar, Seyed Ahmad
AU - Tavares, Aline S.
AU - Weldon, Ariana V.
AU - Wilson, Angelina
AU - Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki
AU - Zhang, Mingxia
AU - Svensson, Magdalena S.
AU - Anne-Isola Nekaris, K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The trade in primates as pets is a global enterprise and as access to the Internet has increased, so too has the trade of live primates online. While quantifying primate trade in physical markets is relatively straightforward, limited insights have been made into trade via the Internet. Here we followed a three-pronged approach to estimate the prevalence and ease of purchasing primates online in countries with different socioeconomic characteristics. We first conducted a literature review, in which we found that Malaysia, Thailand, the USA, Ukraine, South Africa, and Russia stood out in terms of the number of primate individuals being offered for sale as pets in the online trade. Then, we assessed the perceived ease of purchasing pet primates online in 77 countries, for which we found a positive relationship with the Internet Penetration Rate, total human population and Human Development Index, but not to Gross Domestic Product per capita or corruption levels of the countries. Using these results, we then predicted the levels of online primate trade in countries for which we did not have first-hand data. From this we created a global map of potential prevalence of primate trade online. Finally, we analysed price data of the two primate taxa most consistently offered for sale, marmosets and capuchins. We found that prices increased with the ease of purchasing primates online and the Gross Domestic Product per capita. This overview provides insight into the nature and intricacies of the online primate pet trade and advocates for increased trade regulation and monitoring in both primate range and non-range countries where trade has been substantially reported.
AB - The trade in primates as pets is a global enterprise and as access to the Internet has increased, so too has the trade of live primates online. While quantifying primate trade in physical markets is relatively straightforward, limited insights have been made into trade via the Internet. Here we followed a three-pronged approach to estimate the prevalence and ease of purchasing primates online in countries with different socioeconomic characteristics. We first conducted a literature review, in which we found that Malaysia, Thailand, the USA, Ukraine, South Africa, and Russia stood out in terms of the number of primate individuals being offered for sale as pets in the online trade. Then, we assessed the perceived ease of purchasing pet primates online in 77 countries, for which we found a positive relationship with the Internet Penetration Rate, total human population and Human Development Index, but not to Gross Domestic Product per capita or corruption levels of the countries. Using these results, we then predicted the levels of online primate trade in countries for which we did not have first-hand data. From this we created a global map of potential prevalence of primate trade online. Finally, we analysed price data of the two primate taxa most consistently offered for sale, marmosets and capuchins. We found that prices increased with the ease of purchasing primates online and the Gross Domestic Product per capita. This overview provides insight into the nature and intricacies of the online primate pet trade and advocates for increased trade regulation and monitoring in both primate range and non-range countries where trade has been substantially reported.
KW - CITES
KW - Facebook
KW - Instagram
KW - Social commerce
KW - Social media
KW - Wildlife conservation
KW - Wildlife trade
U2 - 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100925
DO - 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100925
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85171523192
VL - 48
JO - Environmental Development
JF - Environmental Development
SN - 2211-4645
M1 - 100925
ER -
ID: 367899864