Hormetic responses in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
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Hormetic responses in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. / Jakobsen, Iver; Murmann, Lisa Munkvold; Rosendahl, Søren.
In: Soil Biology & Biochemistry, Vol. 159, 108299, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hormetic responses in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
AU - Jakobsen, Iver
AU - Murmann, Lisa Munkvold
AU - Rosendahl, Søren
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - The concept of hormesis describes that the application of low concentrations of a toxic compound will stimulate growth and activity of an organism. Since it is unknown whether hormesis occurs in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) the present work was designed to reveal whether two fungicides would generate hormetic response curves for AMF performance. The effect of mancozeb and carbendazim on performance of three AMF in symbioses with pea was investigated. The fungicides were mixed uniformly into irradiated soil at three field dose equivalents, which were 1x, 5x and 25x for mancozeb and 0.01x, 0.1x and 1x for carbendazim. A nil fungicide treatment was included for each fungus and a mesh-enclosed, P-33-labelled soil patch enabled the measurement of AMF P uptake. Both fungicides generated biphasic response curves for AMF root colonization, which was largely enhanced by the two lower doses and suppressed by the highest. Besides, the lowest concentration of both fungicides increased the hyphal length-specific P-33 uptake by one of the fungi, while 0.1x carbendazim also increased the P-33 uptake by another. In contrast, the length of root-external hyphae was either decreased or unaffected by increasing fungicide doses. The biphasic fungicide responses of root colonization and hyphal P uptake were obtained in irradiated soil without AMF antagonists and therefore probably caused by direct effects on the AMF. Such hormetic response patterns may be common in ecosystems where AMF will usually be exposed to a range of abiotic and biotic stressors.
AB - The concept of hormesis describes that the application of low concentrations of a toxic compound will stimulate growth and activity of an organism. Since it is unknown whether hormesis occurs in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) the present work was designed to reveal whether two fungicides would generate hormetic response curves for AMF performance. The effect of mancozeb and carbendazim on performance of three AMF in symbioses with pea was investigated. The fungicides were mixed uniformly into irradiated soil at three field dose equivalents, which were 1x, 5x and 25x for mancozeb and 0.01x, 0.1x and 1x for carbendazim. A nil fungicide treatment was included for each fungus and a mesh-enclosed, P-33-labelled soil patch enabled the measurement of AMF P uptake. Both fungicides generated biphasic response curves for AMF root colonization, which was largely enhanced by the two lower doses and suppressed by the highest. Besides, the lowest concentration of both fungicides increased the hyphal length-specific P-33 uptake by one of the fungi, while 0.1x carbendazim also increased the P-33 uptake by another. In contrast, the length of root-external hyphae was either decreased or unaffected by increasing fungicide doses. The biphasic fungicide responses of root colonization and hyphal P uptake were obtained in irradiated soil without AMF antagonists and therefore probably caused by direct effects on the AMF. Such hormetic response patterns may be common in ecosystems where AMF will usually be exposed to a range of abiotic and biotic stressors.
KW - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
KW - Fungicides
KW - Hormetic-biphasic response curves
KW - Root colonization
KW - P-33 uptake
KW - PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT
KW - P UPTAKE
KW - GROWTH
KW - HORMESIS
KW - SYMBIOSIS
KW - BENOMYL
KW - HYPHAE
KW - STIMULATION
KW - INFECTION
KW - CUCUMBER
U2 - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108299
DO - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108299
M3 - Journal article
VL - 159
JO - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
JF - Soil Biology & Biochemistry
SN - 0038-0717
M1 - 108299
ER -
ID: 273368138