Root exposure to apple replant disease soil triggers local defense response and rhizoplane microbiome dysbiosis
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Root exposure to apple replant disease soil triggers local defense response and rhizoplane microbiome dysbiosis. / Balbín-Suárez, Alicia; Jacquiod, Samuel; Rohr, Annmarie Deetja; Liu, Benye; Flachowsky, Henryk; Winkelmann, Traud; Beerhues, Ludger; Nesme, Joseph; Sørensen, Søren J.; Vetterlein, Doris; Smalla, Kornelia.
In: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Vol. 97, No. 4, fiab031, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Root exposure to apple replant disease soil triggers local defense response and rhizoplane microbiome dysbiosis
AU - Balbín-Suárez, Alicia
AU - Jacquiod, Samuel
AU - Rohr, Annmarie Deetja
AU - Liu, Benye
AU - Flachowsky, Henryk
AU - Winkelmann, Traud
AU - Beerhues, Ludger
AU - Nesme, Joseph
AU - Sørensen, Søren J.
AU - Vetterlein, Doris
AU - Smalla, Kornelia
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - A soil column split-root experiment was designed to investigate the ability of apple replant disease (ARD)-causing agents to spread in soil. 'M26' apple rootstocks grew into a top layer of Control soil, followed by a barrier-free split-soil layer (Control soil/ARD soil). We observed a severely reduced root growth, concomitant with enhanced gene expression of phytoalexin biosynthetic genes and phytoalexin content in roots from ARD soil, indicating a pronounced local plant defense response. Amplicon sequencing (bacteria, archaea, fungi) revealed local shifts in diversity and composition of microorganisms in the rhizoplane of roots from ARD soil. An enrichment of operational taxonomic units affiliated to potential ARD fungal pathogens (Ilyonectria and Nectria sp.) and bacteria frequently associated with ARD (Streptomyces, Variovorax) was noted. In conclusion, our integrated study supports the idea of ARD being local and not spreading into surrounding soil, as only the roots in ARD soil were affected in terms of growth, phytoalexin biosynthetic gene expression, phytoalexin production and altered microbiome structure. This study further reinforces the microbiological nature of ARD, being likely triggered by a disturbed soil microbiome enriched with low mobility of the ARD-causing agents that induce a strong plant defense and rhizoplane microbiome dysbiosis, concurring with root damage.
AB - A soil column split-root experiment was designed to investigate the ability of apple replant disease (ARD)-causing agents to spread in soil. 'M26' apple rootstocks grew into a top layer of Control soil, followed by a barrier-free split-soil layer (Control soil/ARD soil). We observed a severely reduced root growth, concomitant with enhanced gene expression of phytoalexin biosynthetic genes and phytoalexin content in roots from ARD soil, indicating a pronounced local plant defense response. Amplicon sequencing (bacteria, archaea, fungi) revealed local shifts in diversity and composition of microorganisms in the rhizoplane of roots from ARD soil. An enrichment of operational taxonomic units affiliated to potential ARD fungal pathogens (Ilyonectria and Nectria sp.) and bacteria frequently associated with ARD (Streptomyces, Variovorax) was noted. In conclusion, our integrated study supports the idea of ARD being local and not spreading into surrounding soil, as only the roots in ARD soil were affected in terms of growth, phytoalexin biosynthetic gene expression, phytoalexin production and altered microbiome structure. This study further reinforces the microbiological nature of ARD, being likely triggered by a disturbed soil microbiome enriched with low mobility of the ARD-causing agents that induce a strong plant defense and rhizoplane microbiome dysbiosis, concurring with root damage.
KW - phytoalexins
KW - root system architecture
KW - soil microbiome
KW - split-root experiment
KW - X-ray computed tomography
U2 - 10.1093/femsec/fiab031
DO - 10.1093/femsec/fiab031
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 33587112
AN - SCOPUS:85103683308
VL - 97
JO - F E M S Microbiology Ecology
JF - F E M S Microbiology Ecology
SN - 0168-6496
IS - 4
M1 - fiab031
ER -
ID: 262844108